In vivo toxicology services refer to studies conducted in live animals to evaluate the potential toxicity of a drug or other substance. These studies are an essential component of the drug development process, as they help to identify potential safety concerns before a drug is tested in humans.

In vivo toxicology studies can involve a range of animal species, including rodents, rabbits, dogs, and non-human primates. The studies typically involve exposing the animals to the substance being tested and monitoring them for adverse effects, such as changes in behavior, clinical signs of toxicity, and changes in blood chemistry or other biomarkers.

In vivo toxicology studies may include acute toxicity studies, which evaluate the effects of a single exposure to the substance, as well as repeated-dose studies, which evaluate the effects of repeated exposure over a period of time. Other types of in vivo toxicology studies may include carcinogenicity studies, reproductive toxicity studies, and developmental toxicity studies.

In vivo toxicology studies are typically conducted in compliance with regulations and guidelines established by regulatory agencies such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA). The studies are typically conducted by contract research organizations (CROs) that specialize in providing preclinical services to the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. The data generated from in vivo toxicology studies are used by drug sponsors to support regulatory submissions, such as Investigational New Drug (IND) applications and New Drug Applications (NDAs).